آموزش اسلامی در روسیه

This chapter is devoted to a description of the formation of the Islamic education system in Russia. Islam is the second-most widely spread religion in Russia after the Orthodox. Islamic education in Russia has centuries-old experience, special traditions, and deep roots. The first part of the chapter gives the historical background of the formation of the Islamic education system in Russia from the beginning of spread the Islam in the Russian territory till nowadays. The modern challenges of Islamic education are described and the athor points out that the main problem of the current system of Islamic education in Russia is the correlation between secular and religious subjects within the framework of Islamic religious education. The second part of the chapter highlights the regional peculiarities of the development of Islamic education: in Northern Caucasus (Dagestan), the Middle Volga, and in the Central Region of Russia (Moscow) While in the Caucasian region the Islamic education has developed continuously, other regions have experienced a period of deterioration of the education system in Russia as a whole. The last part of the chapter deals with the issue of relationships between the state, Islam, and education over time. During the last 20 years the modern system of Islamic education has been gradually established in the Russian Federation. After a period of fast growth of Islamic educational institutions of different stages in the middle of 1990s, a period of stabilization has begun. The author draws the conclusion that the key role in the system of Islamic education belongs to Moscow and Russian Islamic Universities (in Kazan) which form the core of the unified system of Islamic education in Russia.